Pica in Pregnancy: What You Should Know

Cravings are a normal part of pregnancy. However, if those cravings involve nonfood items, it may be a sign of a condition called pica. Valley Health encourages open conversations between patients and providers, especially when symptoms feel unusual or difficult to talk about.

Brittney Pitcock, FNP-C, a family nurse practitioner at Valley Health Women’s Specialists, shares insight on pica regarding the difference between it and typical pregnancy cravings, the dangers it poses and the importance of talking to a provider.

What Is Pica?

Pica is an eating disorder characterized by the craving or consumption of nonfood substances. While cravings are a normal part of pregnancy, pica is different. It involves persistent urges to eat items like ice, clay, dirt or even paper products.

“Pica is connected to micronutrient deficiency, especially iron deficiency anemia, which is common during pregnancy,” says Pitcock. “Hormonal changes and heightened cravings during pregnancy can also play a role.”

Why It Matters

Pica can pose serious health risks to both the pregnant person and the developing baby. Consuming nonfood items, especially toxic or contaminated substances, can lead to:

• Gastrointestinal infections

• Bowel blockages

• Internal injury or perforation

“When a woman craves things like laundry detergent or soil, there’s a real concern,” says Pitcock. “These substances can contain harmful bacteria or chemicals that may cause serious complications.”

How Providers Can Help

“If you’re ever craving a nonfood item, mention it to your provider,” she says. “It will warrant additional lab work and counseling about the cravings.”

Your provider can:

• Check for iron deficiency or other nutrient issues

• Offer guidance and support

• Recommend safe ways to manage cravings

Valley Health screens for anemia early in pregnancy and again around 28 weeks. If needed, your provider may do additional testing to help you stay healthy.

“I encourage pregnant women to feel comfortable talking to their provider,” says Pitcock. “Don’t feel ashamed; it’s more common than you might think. We want to provide safe care to you and your unborn fetus.”

Take the Next Step

If you are pregnant and experiencing unusual cravings, especially for nonfood items, talk to your provider. Valley Health is here to support you with compassionate care and expert guidance.

To find a primary care provider, visit valleyhealthlink.com/primarycare. To learn more about services for women and children, visit this section of our website.